Analysis Of Angela Carter s The Bloody Chamber

IT’S NOT ABOUT THE SIZE, IT’S HOW YOU USE IT How short stories pack the perfect punch in promoting feminist ideals. â€Å"The limited trajectory of short narrative concentrates its meaning. Sign and sense can fuse to an extent impossible to achieve among the multiplying ambiguities of an extended narrative.† – Angela Carter Angela Carter is known in the literary community for her use of fairytales and overt sexual imagery in promoting feminist platforms. At the time she wrote â€Å"The Bloody Chamber†, the Second Wave of Feminism and, subsequently, the rise of radical-libertarian feminism were crashing into the forefront of the global politics. This wave of feminism primarily focused on the empowerment of women through the exploration of female sexual identity, the promotion of androgynous females as the ideal model for the modern woman, and the liberation of women from the patriarchal societal traditions established to keep women in their submissive gender role (Formizano). Angela Carter transforms the classic fairytale â€Å"Bluebeard† into a masterful portrait of fe male sexual liberation, empowerment through gender role reversal, and financial independence in â€Å"The Bloody Chamber†. A central dogma of feminism is the separation of female sexuality from the societal confines of reproduction. In â€Å"The Bloody Chamber†, the female protagonist is a seventeen-year-old virgin who goes on a journey of sexual self-actualization in her marriage to the Marquis. Throughout the narrative, we areShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Angela Carter s The Bloody Chamber 1756 Words   |  8 PagesMost of Angela Carter’s work revolves around democratic feminism and her representation of the patriarchal roles subjugated to women. (Evangelou, 2013) ‘The Bloody Chamber’ by Angela Carter suggests many substitutions to infamous depictions of femininity. Angela Carter manipulates old-fashioned fairy tales in order to subvert conformist gender roles like submissive wives and male dominance. (Makinen, 1992) While Carter receives commenda tion for her work, Patricia Duncker critiques her as well, forRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Bloody Chamber By Angela Carter1611 Words   |  7 PagesCarter Castrates Freud: Criticism in ‘The Bloody Chamber’ of Psychoanalytic Theory While Psychoanalysis has provided many psychological breakthroughs in the field of mental health, it has also created great issue in relation to gender equality. Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory has contributed to the solidification of female oppression, and to the inferior status of women in the twentieth century. Psychoanalysis had become so intwined into the constructs of a male dominated society that it createsRead MoreEssay on The Bloody Chamber by Angela Carter2054 Words   |  9 Pagesin Carter’s writing, particularly in her book ‘The Bloody Chamber’ which is commonly considered to be her masterwork, brimming with intertextualities and ambiguities. Some may find her work to be excessively violent or savage, perhaps even alienating. Yet others may have found this no-holds-barred approach to be exhilarating and refreshing in comparison to other authors of her time. In her re-writing of Perrault and Beaumont’s classic tales, Carter proposes a rea ding of several well-known stories withRead MoreFemale And Female Gender Roles3513 Words   |  15 Pagesdesires to be made eminent and therefore characters can transgress and in the process, cross their contemporary gender boundaries. Keats uses the gothic device of Negative capability in order to conceal the transgression of the females in his poetry, Carter revised gothic fairytales in order to display them from a feminist approach and Stoker uses gothic themes, set against the backdrop of the fluidity of Fin de sià ¨cle period, to allow characters to stray from their gender stereotypes. Victorian women

Big-Business and How It Is Affecting All Americans

A lot of these big businesses run similarly to dictatorship or communist countries, a person or small group making the decisions for the masses, which these policies only apply to the masses and not the group making the decision. Being above the corporate policies set forth for the worker allows these greedy employers to promise the world if the employee works hard to accomplish the company’s goals of profit. Then, when the employer wants more and the employee is not capable. They call the employee into the office to lay them off with no benefit other than the benefit of experience working in the company. Although there is still the opportunity for the American dream, big-business decisions are helping that dream fade away because of greed. These large corporations are pushing the percentage margin of profits to exceed well over twice the amount of capital; most of it goes into the pockets of the executives, that the company put in at the begin through the strategy of; laying- off employees, closing work sites, and buying out the smaller competition. However, the sovereignty of America is slowly dwindling away by the loss of buying power of the US dollar, through the impact of the decisions made by these small executive groups of big corporate America and foreign companies trying to beat the market leader. They clearly do this by lowering the cost of a similar product below what American companies can compete. It is easy to conclude that absolute power corrupts absolutely;Show MoreRelatedShould Student Debt Go Beyond?1269 Words   |  6 Pagesand as a result college students are burdened with a colossal amount of debt. The issues of student debt go beyond affecting graduates’ lives and begin to cripple many areas of the economy, as well as hinder forward mobility. It’s no secret in America that many college graduates are struggling to pay off their student loans. While looking at the statistics for how much is owed and how many college graduates are affected, it is clear that student debt is an issue and the need for a solution couldn’tRead MoreLatin American Culture Essay examples1050 Words   |  5 PagesLatin American Culture Latin America represents 1/10 of the worlds population, and geographically can be located from the land extensions of Mexico, until the Patagonia at Argentina. Some of the most relevant elements of todays culture in Latin America are; Religion, Values, Attitudes, Social structure, Social stratification, Language and Gift-giving hospitality. The predominant religion throughout history in Latin America has been Catholicism. From big cities to small villages, churches, basilicasRead MoreMedia s Effect On The Black Society973 Words   |  4 PagesMedia has a detrimental effect on the black society. Blacks have very little, if any control in what the media displays. How many African American Television network companies are there? How many African American Television companies are competing with the big named companies who rack in millions or billions of dollars? It is logical to say whomever controls the media, controls the mind. Television is a common form of media . A lot of things th at we watch has been carefully hand-picked and craftedRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence As Said By Thomas Jefferson1119 Words   |  5 Pagesof the American Mind†. Jefferson along with John Locke and other English constitutionalist theorists detailed the abuses by George III, brilliantly summarizing the views of the colonist who were seeking distance from England. Many of these grievances were politically shaped, others dealt with the American economy. The first one states â€Å"For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world†. Instead of allowing the colonist free commercial trade with other nations, the home government did all in itsRead MoreThe Relationship Between Corporate Governance, Healthcare Reform, And The Accounting Industry1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe contemporary business world is characterized by the rise of corporate governance reforms. The United States Government has responded to increasing demands for more transparent business practices and monitoring activities by issuing legislation affecting companies across industry segments. Likewise, the accounting industry has responded to this changing business environment by refining its service offerings in order to assist businesses with their increasing compliance obligations. 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Through punishments, society is being molded and shaped into what your parents, teachers, and bosses want Free Essays

Everyday we go out and do the things we do. Everyone lives a different life and sees things differently. But most of the punishments are the same. We will write a custom essay sample on Through punishments, society is being molded and shaped into what your parents, teachers, and bosses want or any similar topic only for you Order Now We behave in certain ways to avoid consequences that authority figures have put out there. Through these punishments, society is being molded and shaped into what your parents, teachers, and bosses want. What your parents, teachers, and bosses want can be exactly what the government wants you to be. The government controls behavior through the punishments it enforces. They set the standards on how people should act and how they should respond to certain situations. If these people act in a way not appropriate to societies standards, then they will be punished. This punishment will try to control the behaviors of these people. It will try to shape the person into what society wants. Punishments are not the only way to control someone’s behavior. People use rewards to keep someone happy and to control the behavior. More than likely, if you do something and you get rewarded, you will like it and behave in the same matter again later. I see society as a place where punishments are used more than rewards. They see that punishing an individual is easier than rewarding them. It seems like those that are punished severely and taken to jail, come out of jail and find there way back. This is because some people are punished in the wrong way and sent to jail. Once out of jail, society sees that they have been punished and put them as outcast. These people now have a harder time functioning in society because the government thinks they have changed these individual’s behaviors. In reality, they come out of jail with no opportunity available. No one will hire these people because they are now seen as criminals. They try to find jobs but no one reaches out to them because of the punishment they have received. Now these individuals find themselves in a dilemma. They need to eat and feed their families but have no way of doing so. They have to commit crimes to get want they want because society has put them out. Society and the people in it are not perfect and mistakes are made. We use punishment to control behavior so we can predict what they will do and control those around us. We need to understand that punishment can be good if used correctly. But if punishment is used incorrectly, it will hurt society in the long run and make life much harder to live. How to cite Through punishments, society is being molded and shaped into what your parents, teachers, and bosses want, Papers

A Mans Vision Of Love Essay Example For Students

A Mans Vision Of Love: Essay A Mans Vision of Love:An Examination of William Broyles Jr.s Esquire Article Why Men Love WarHistory 266 Sec 004The University of Michigan11-22-2000Prepared For Ken SwopePrepared ByMike MartinezMen love war because it allows them to look serious. Because they imagine it is the one thing that stops women laughing at them. In it they can reduce women to the status of objects. This is the great distinction between the sexes. Men see objects, women see the relationship between objects. Whether the objects need each other, love each other, match each other. It is an extra dimension of feeling we men are without and one that makes war abhorrent to all real women and absurd. I will tell you what war is. War is a psychosis caused by an inability to see relationships. Our relationship with our fellow men. Our relationship with out economic and historical situation. And above all our relationship to nothingness. To death. John Fowles in The MagusA Mans Vision of Love:An Examination of William Broyles Jr.s Esquire Article Why Men Love WarThe fact that war is both beautiful as well as nauseating is a great ambiguity for men. In his article for Esquire magazine in 1985 William Broyles Jr attempts to articulate this ambiguity while being rather unclear himself. On the one hand Broyles says that men do not long for the classic male experience of going to war, while on the other hand he says that men who return know that they have delved into an area of their soul which most men are never able to. Broyles says that men love war for many reasons some obvious and some obviously disturbing. Many books support this notion while few stray far from the admission of love. I believe that most sources indicate that men do in fact love war in a general masculine way. I also believe that the sources that do not admit to this love of war do not because of the authors unique, face-to-face experience with wars most sever e atrocities. I feel that the sources, while few in number can faithfully account for the average soldier in any war in the twentieth century, which Broyles applies his argument to. Stories of combat provide a way of coping with a fundamental tension of war: although the act of killing another person in battle may invoke a wave of nauseous distress, it may also incite intense feelings of pleasure. William Broyles was one of many combat soldiers who articulated this ambiguity. In 1984, this former Marine explored some of the contradictions inherent in telling war stories. With the familiar, authoritative voice of `one-who-has-been-there, Broyles asserted that when combat soldiers were questioned about their war experiences they generally said that they did not want to talk about it, implying that they `hated it so much, it was so terrible that they would prefer it to remain `buried.'(Broyles 68) Not so, Broyles continued, `I believe that most men who have been to war would have to admit, if they are honest, that somewhere inside themselves they loved it too.'(Broyles 68) How could that be explained to family and friends, he asked? Even comrades-in-arms were wary among themselves: veterans reunions were awkward occasions precisely because the joyous aspects of slaughter were difficult to confess in all circumstances. To describe combat as enjoyable was like admitting to being a bloodthirsty brute: to acknowledge that the decisive cease-fire caused as much anguish as losing a great lover could only inspire shame. Yet, Broyles recognized that there were dozens of reasons why combat might be attractive, even pleasurable. Comradeship, with its bittersweet absorption of the self within the group, appealed to some fundamental human urge. And then there was the awesome power conferred upon individuals by war. For men, combat was the male equivalent of childbirth: it was the initiation into the power of life and death.(Broyles 70) Broyles had little to say about the `life aspect, but argued that the thrill of destruction was irresistible. A bazooka or an M-60 machine gun was a magic sword or a grunts Excalibur: all you do is move that finger so impe rceptibly, just a wish flashing across your mind like a shadow, not even a full brain synapse, and poof! in a blast of sound and energy and light a truck or a house or even people disappear, everything flying and settling back into dust. (Broyles 36)In many ways, war did resemble sport which, by pushing men to their physical and emotional limits, could provide deep satisfaction (for the survivors, that is). Broyles likened the happiness generated by the sport of war to the innocent pleasures of children playing cowboys and Indians, chanting the refrain, `bang bang, youre dead! or to the seductive suspense adults experience while watching combat movies as geysers of fake blood splatter the screen and actors fall, massacred. There was more to the pleasures of combat than this, said Broyles. Killing had a spiritual resonance and an aesthetic poignancy. Slaughter was an affair of great and seductive beauty. For combat soldiers, there was as much mechanical elegance in an M-60 machine gu n as there was for medieval warriors in decorated swords. (Broyles 71) Aesthetic tastes were often highly personal. The experience seemed to resemble spiritual enlightenment or sexual eroticism. Indeed in the two sources which I have chosen to support Broyles, sexuality and power play major roles. In The Coldest War, James Brady discusses his experience in the Korean War. He intends his story to be typical of the average soldier during the conflict. Brady discusses his time in Korea mainly as a growing experience. He went into the war as a fearful 23-year-old and came out a man who had been through a war. After joining military school to dodge the draft, Brady was sent to Korea without the desire to fight. One of Broyles arguments is that men are not raised to love war. He argues that you have to be through it before you know what areas of your soul you have delved into. For Brady the war itself was not to be loved. The killing was not the object of his affection as he clearly states in his novel, but Bradys memoir fits in with most of the reasons which Broyles gives as motive for men to love war. The enduring emotion of waris comradeship, says Broyles on page 70 of Why Men Love War. One of the themes of Bradys novel is definitely camaraderie. Bradys relationship with Mack All en as well as with Chaffee and other members of his rifle platoon shows the importance of friendship in his love of war. He fondly remembers Mack Allen and has seen his fellow lieutenant since the war. Brady reinforces this by stating that Everyone goes to war alone. (Brady 13) By contrasting this to the friends whom he speaks of and displays pictures of it becomes obvious that his comrades were very important to his feelings about war. Even though he stresses the absurdity of killing, Brady shows us his view of war in terms of friendship and not simply violence. Icedelights EssayTim OBrien is a Vietnam veteran much like William Broyles Jr. Both men are now famous for their reporting skills and for their war stories. The main difference between the two is that while Broyles states that he spent most of his tour in Vietnam without incident (Broyles 68), OBrien was in Alpha Company whose area of patrol was Mai Lai the year after the massacre of the village. He also tells many horror stories of friends dying while within sight. (OBrien see bib.) The Vietnam in Me not only tells of OBriens wartime encounters, but also of his personal life before and since Vietnam. He describes failed relationship with Kate, a serious girlfriend, as well as his youth. His tour in Vietnam does not fit much of the mold that Broyles has set. OBrien narrative gives much evidence as to why he would feel the way he does about war in light of our previous analyses. On the issue on friendship being the enduring emotion of war, OBriens story lends support. The things that OBrien says that he loved during the war were family friends and everything that might be lost or never come to be. His best fiend in Alpha company was Chip. Chip was a black soldier with whom OBrien had become good friends. In May of 1969 Chip was blown up. Being that OBrien does not show any love for war the fact that one of his best friends, and the enduring emotional outlet of war says Broyles, was killed so violently sheds light on why OBrien does not fit Broyles ideas. The other major reason why OBrien does not love war is because of his connection to the Mai Lai massacre. Though Alpha Company was not around until a year after the massacre, OBrien does not have a fond memory of this experience. During the war he was able to walk through the village and was unaware that anything out of the ordinary had ever happened, but in his article he goes back to the area and interviews some of the survivors. He states that after the interviews he visits the ditch where the people were shot and feels the guilt chills. Obviously his memory of his own involvement has been affected by a collective memory of this horror. For these reasons, his friends powerful death and his connection to the Mai Lai massacre, OBrien is the type of soldier who would not fit into William Broyles view of men loving war. The accounts, albeit fictional, in Company K demonstrate the effect of powerfully atrocious events on mans love for war. Company K is not the a first hand source in the way that the above memoirs are, but it can provide readers with a general account of a companys sense of love for war. The novel describes a company during World War I, and generally tells the worst of what war has to offer. Many of the vignettes are tales of what James Brady would call bugging out. Two events surrounding Company K show how these events can result in a mans love, or lack thereof, for war. William March, the author of Company K, was in fact a soldier during Word War I. Little is known of his involvement in specific battles. He was awarded many medal including the Croix de Guerre. One event that is known is reported to have been repeated many times by March in conversation. He was separated from his company when he came upon a German youth whom he instinctively lunged at with his bayonet killing the boy and piercing his throat. The boy stared at Marchs face in death. (March xi) Apparently March suffered from hysterical conditions related tohis throat and eyes. (March xii) Personal experiences of March, a non-fictional soldier, demonstrates the effect that these up-close events had on Marchs writing. In the actual novel there is one specific event which sums up the attitude of the war for this company. In the course of about six of the small stories in Company K an event similar in grotesqueness to the Mai Lai massacre is told. A troop of German prisoners is lined up in a trench and gunned down by their American captors. While this story is not based on truth it shows William Marchs hatred of a war which he fought bravely in. These two works, The Vietnam in Me and Company K lend evidence to the idea that while men generally love war, there are events which are heinous enough to change this basic emotion. War may cater to the darkest recesses of mans soul, but the conscious mind still has the power to block out that which is too dangerous to face. Broyles says that he loved war but would never want to fight again. It is possible that this should be the basic idea of his paper: men who have seen war and survived it have a great reason to love it; they still have a beating heart in their chest. The men who have not seen it are most likely the ones to fear and hate war. They might know someone who died in a war while they were never given the chance to risk themselves and come out alive. I believe that it might be just what Broyles says it is not: the classic male experience that we are taught to train for in playing army men as youths. This, however, is the topic of an American Culture course and not a Histo ry ourse. Outside Source BibliographyFowles, John. (1985) The Magus New York: Dell Pub Co. Rev Rei edition (May 1985). OBrien, Tim. (1994, October 2). The Vietnam in Me. The New York Times, Books. (also available online at nytimes.com/books/98/09/20/specials/obrien-vietnam.html)

Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal Reflective Essay Addressing Swifts Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublins Starving Children

Abstract Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a genius work in the art of literary satire. I picked certain issues and commented on them regarding how Swift made Irish beggars and their children a necessary evil that was deteriorating Ireland from the inside. Largely, this behemoth of a problem was causing an economic slump of mass proportion.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I point out his brilliant use of population figures, social issues (domestic violence, poverty, hunger, etc.), and religious groups (other than his own). He addresses these issues by offering a ludicrous solution—cannibalism of the young infants when they reach their first birthday. Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Es say Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Economic Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children Swift presents a brilliant tongue-in-cheek argument concerning a way to solve the plight of starving Irish children. He introduces his ludicrous proposal at the beginning of his essay, and then supports his subject by reinforcing his foundation with strong, supporting arguments. Each building block of his argument elicits sound thought for handling Ireland’s glaring social issues; namely, begging and starving children. Swift proposes to eat one-year-olds because of their economic burden. While purporting his idea, he uses economic strategies, population figures, cooking methods and avoiding commodity outsourcing to support his irony. Swift looks at a beggar’s child as the projected worth of a future commodity. He justifies his moral depravity and degrading of human life in lieu of population control, annihilation of abortion, domestic violence and food sho rtage. He refers to wives as â€Å"breeders† of these future delectable human dishes, and believes a one-year-old could give back to the commonwealth by offering its â€Å"carcass† as food for a starving country. He reasons that a beggar’s child should be able to live for the first year so that it could be fattened up on mother’s milk, which the â€Å"dam† naturally produces and therefore would cost the commonwealth nothing.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Swift surmises that his idea is humane because the future holds nothing for these children who mature and adopt livelihoods like â€Å"stealing,† going off to fight for the â€Å"Pretender in Spain,† or â€Å"selling themselves to the Barbados.† Instead of suggesting the obvious—limiting the number of children each female â€Å"breeder† should haveâ€⠀he encourages the â€Å"breeders† to get pregnant, enjoy motherhood and nursing of their suckling infants for one year, and then sell them to the marketplace as a prime cut of young, tender meat. This is a chilling mental image of the plight of a poor Irish infant. He continues to build upon this horrific image of an Irish infant dressed and prepared as the main serving for a lavish feast. He enjoys toying with the image of â€Å"a young healthy child well nursed† that could be â€Å"a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled,† and suggests serving it as â€Å"a fricassee or a ragout.† This is a disturbing image of a baby as the main dinner dish. He continues to take this macabre image further when he suggests â€Å"a child will make two dishes at an entertainment† function for friends, and if it is only to be one family dish, would â€Å"be very good boiled on the fourth day, especially in winter .† This gruesome image has come full circle by suggesting the infant â€Å"carcass† could be extended to four days of leftovers. Ireland’s population has always been Catholic, and Swift sees Catholics as a major part of the starving human burden that is hurting Ireland. He ridicules the Catholic religious holyday, Lent. He reasons that since Catholics eat more fish during Lent, nine months later, a lot of infant Catholics are born. He does not criticize this, but reasons that because Catholics propagate more after Lent, the meat market will benefit from plump infants ready for the grocer. Swift connects Ireland’s economic problems directly to the Catholics and their lack of birth control—even in the face of being extremely poverty stricken.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublin’s Starvi ng Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He revels in putting a price on a beggar child as the child matures. He uses the figure of 120,000 children as full reservoir, then reserves 20,000 as breeders, but not more than 5,000 of that number as males. He reasons that 5,000 males is a usual number for sheep, cattle and swine. Swift’s irony gives the reader a picture of a single cock that breeds with the entire hen house and the reader cannot help but be amused. One male should suffice four â€Å"breeders,† he surmises, but then catches himself in this digression, and reverts to his ridiculous projected numbers. Of the 100,000 infants that remain, Swift writes, these should be fattened up for the meat market. He almost forces the reader to think that it is a well thought-out plan that would benefit all—irony at its very best. Swift is not a feminist. He never refers to the father’s responsibility to his be ggar children. Instead, he puts the sole responsibility of caring for beggar children on the mother. This is a result of the makeup of Dublin’s street beggars—mothers and many small, unkempt children. It is false to believe that he is not a moralist. Obviously, poverty-stricken mothers and their children disturbed him, but is that because of their drain on an already weak Irish economy or because these deplorable human beings actually tugged at his heart strings and bothered him enough that he felt the urge to write about it? He calls his writing a â€Å"modest† proposal—another play on words. In no way is this modest suggestion, but rather an alarming, vivid picture of cannibalism meant to elicit action regarding this social problem. Reference Swift, J. (2011). A modest proposal in R. J. Diyanni (Ed.), Fifty great essays. (pp. 296-303). London: Longman. This essay on Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children was written and submitted by user Brayan Harper to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The State of American Workers.

The State of American Workers. The heart of America has always been, at least in my opinion, the attitudes of the people and the speed of industry. Great men like Carnegie and Rockefeller have changed the face of America and the industries within. This country has always been strong in industry. American workers helped build the tallest buildings, the most powerful ships and shape an economy that Donald Trump would appreciate. As the country became more populated the growth of industry boomed. Years later we are still a strong country, but the heart of Americans and their attitude towards work has changed drastically. With the rise of unemployment in America, it seems apparent that the occupation most desired is unemployment. Our economy is struggling to stay afloat and yet, there are thousands of jobs lost every day. How will the country survive another depression? The proceeding paper will talk about the status of American workers, unemployment and shared comments of what should be done to make our economy stron g again.United StatesAmerican workers 3My grandfather has always said, "Nothing in life is free boy, you've gotta work hard for what you want and you've gotta work hard to keep it." I believe that is a true statement in many ways. In my grandfathers' day, most people were poor. The average worker in the 1920's was a farmer or factory laborer of some kind. Poverty was a part of many American lives. Many young men and women turned to crime in order to support themselves as well as their families. The status of American workers has come along way since the depression. Some of that distance we have traveled has not been positive. We've had major scandals from well-respected investors like Enron (Isn't it ironic how the letter "E" was crooked?) as well as insurance scams.

The role of knowledge in operation management in general Essay

The role of knowledge in operation management in general - Essay Example Knowledge is viewed as the most imperative resource in any organization that wishes to prosper. Management of the resource is hence viewed as a discipline used for identifying, collecting, organizing, storage, and use of knowledge. Currently, companies operate in a highly competitive environment and hence there are more factors that lead to enterprise success. Previously, a company’s success was determined by investment of capital, size, and ability of labor, and availability of raw materials. However, an organization’s level of knowledge innovation from managers is a foremost influence of success and proper management. Knowledge management has been on the fore front during this new era where organizations run in a competitive market. Operation management traditionally used is not an appropriate strategy as a result of the rise in global competition. Knowledge in operation management helps in managing information, expertise, and knowledge through the operation management process. There are also knowledge management systems that assist managers in making better informed resolution (Waltz, 2003). Over the years, there has been a need to capture and distribute knowledge in organizations, and protect it like any other important asset. Operation managers should help in the process of leveraging knowledge chattels and information resources. They are also responsible for overseeing knowledge assets from acquisition to application, by use of controlled methods. Knowledge in an organization is embedded and passed using a number of aspects counting policies, traditions and identity, system, routines, document, and individual employees’ organizations (Dwivedi, Butcher, 2009). Knowledge in operations management is built by use of human resources, structural resources, technical resources and cultural resources. Combined they assist in proper use of

Network Effects and Path Dependence Research Paper - 2

Network Effects and Path Dependence - Research Paper Example Network effect or direct-benefit effect is considered to be a vital part of economics and business. It is a kind of effect which determines that for certain sorts of decisions, an individual would incur an explicit benefit when he/she aligns their behaviour with the behaviour of other individuals. In this context, it is determined that the value of a product is directly dependent on the number of users using it (Kemper 67-84). Path dependence can be stated as a substitute analytical process for economics which is acknowledged to be a radical change of the neo-classical standards. It is a process of economic allocation where the arrangement of allocating determinates such as technology, factor, endowment, preference and institution not only depend on certain fundamentals but also depend on a particular contingent event. Instead of converting into an identified determinant, the process has undergone a number of potential equilibrium and selects it on the basis of the specific history o f the process. It is worth mentioning that a positive feedback from the agents also helps in increasing the impact related to specific early selections and further actions that are to be done accordingly (1Liebowitz and Margolis, â€Å"Path Dependence, Lock-In, and History†; Perkins 1-8). However, numerous questions have been raised by a number of critics in order to derive an understanding regarding the conditions based on which an allocation path depends. The answer to this question can be provided by focusing on two issues which include the structure of the explicit network that helps in identifying the interdependency of the agent’s choice. Secondly, the characteristics of the rapidly emerging technological changes are also viewed to have an impact on the features of the different potential equilibrium and the permanence of â€Å"lock-in† to a specific path of allocation. In this context, David’s (1985) view can also be highlighted wherein he stated that the homomorphism of path dependency mainly depends on technology, institutions, organizations and other vital aspects.  Ã‚  

Autonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures Essay

Autonomous Vehicles and Software Architectures - Essay Example Thus, this is a challenge since one cannot predict whether or not the system will fail. In addition, such vehicles are unreliable. For instance, when the control system is affected or rather fails completely, the vehicle cannot be operational. This is a challenge because it inconveniences the owner of the vehicle for he or she cannot use it for daily businesses. There is a difference between designing distributed architecture and non-distributed architecture since the distributed architecture tend to split the middle and presentation tiers logically and physically to perform in several servers whereas in non-distributed architecture, the middle tier and the presentation tier perform in one server. The following reasons explain why there is a difference in designing the two architectures: To start with, the distributed architecture permits distribution of the application elements across various physical servers whereas the non-distributed architecture permits the application to run in only one server and its elements are freely allocated. Secondly, the distributed architecture’s design is complex for web application since it affects performance of the remote calls. On the other hand, the non-distributed architecture’s design is the simplest in web applications since it has no effect on remote calls. Moreover, the distributed architecture is more expensive to design because more materials and procedures are involved in setting up several servers whereas the non-distributed architecture is less costly since it entails a number of stable and easy procedures in setting up a single server. Lastly, in the distributed architecture, the applications are difficult to test and debug for it is fully dependent on the container server. In non-distributed architecture, the application is easily developed, tested and

Causes of Rwandas Involvement in the DRC

Causes of Rwandas Involvement in the DRC To what extent has Rwandas involvement  in the DRC been of economically  rather than militarily motivated? Abstract Conflict! That word represents the history of Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in terms of their internal struggles as to who will control the destinies of these countries. The saga has encompassed over forty years, and as neighbours, has affected and impacted both countries negatively. Africa is known for its high degree of internal power struggles that have left its masses in poverty as a result of its leaders seeking political control at almost any cost. This condition has not escaped either Rwanda or the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This study shall seek to understand the dynamics of the national connection between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in terms of the extent that Rwanda’s involvement has been economically or militarily oriented. The preceding represents the opportunity to examine the relationship of these two neighbouring countries to uncover the extent as well as nature of the dynamics that have and are shaping their interaction. Introduction The purpose of this examination has broad and far-reaching implications, in that it seeks to look ate the very core of the relationship of these two African nation states. As such, the objectives will entail: The formulation of an understanding of the historical nuances and overt interaction between these two countries. Taking a look at the military as well as economic involvement. Delving into the political and regional circumstances that have had and or are having a bearing on the foregoing. Equating the extent that military or economic involvement has been and or is an issue The nature of this inquiry requires an examination of two dissimilar areas, economics and military activities, as well as how these might and or have dovetailed into each other, as the lines of separation are not always clear. Background Key to understanding the nature of the question that asks the extent that Rwanda’s involvement with the Democratic Republic of the Congo has been economically rather than militarily motivated, a brief understanding of the histories of these two countries will provide a foundational underpinning to uncover the direction of their relationship and national connections. Rwanda is located in the east-central region of Africa, bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in an area that measures 26,338 square kilometres[1]. Figure 1 – Map of Rwanda[2] Orginally inhabited by a Pygmy tribe called the Twa, the agriculuturally founded Hutus suplanted them some six centuries ago[3]. In order to plant crops the Hutus cleared forests and established permanent settlements[4]. The Twa still remian in Rwanda, although their population is estimated to number approximately 1 percent of the overall total[5]. As was the case with Africa in that period, other tribes migrated to the region, whose greenery and grasslands drew the cattle owning Tutsi[6]. Aslo known as Watutsi, they came to the region of Rwanda around the 1600s and were consisted as more elite than the Hutus even though the two groups speak the same language[7]. Part of the reason as to why the Tutsi (Watutsi) were considered elite is that they are extremely tall, averaging 2.1 metres in height, and of thin build[8]. The aristocratic leanings of the Tutsi, they held the peasant Hutu in fuedal subjugation[9]. The opinions on the differences between the cultures of the Hutu and Tutis is marginal, consisting primarly of the agricultural versus cattle tendencies of the aforementioned. Considerable intermarriage between the two groups further watered down differences, with the couple assuming the race of the fathers, and the difference in terms of tribe constructed along the lines of a caste system whereby the Tutsi are considered the higher class[10]. Prior to the arrival of the Germans, the administration system that existed in Rwanda was highly organised and presided over by what is termed as a Umwami (king) that was usually of the Nyiginya clan of a Tutsi sub-group[11]. In the administrative pecking order the Umwami had almost absolute power, and was assisted bt three chiefs[12]: A military chief that oversaw the army and saw to the maintenance of integrity of the territory and expansion. A cattle chief that supervised all matters representing cattle, grazing as well as the settlement of disputes, and A land chief that oversaw agriculture, produce and allied concerns. The preceding is in keeping with the cultural make up of the territory that was comprised of cattle and agricultural tribes, along with their protection and securing additional lands. Within the aforementioned pecking order the Umwami and the military and cattle chiefs were Tutsi, with the agricultural chief generally being Hutu[13]. The Rwandan society represents a system that is termed as ubuhake, that is a type of caste system of the landed gentry, the less landed, and the ordinary citizens[14]. There are those who argue that in reality that the economic system of Ubuhake enables a symbitic relationship between the wealthy and priveged calsses with the less priviliged[15]. The preceding system and class relationsips enjoyed a 400 year history of peacefulness. The German’s colonised Rwanda in 1899, ruling the country indirectly through the Mwami and the three chieftans via a protecorate arrangement as a result of the effectiveness of the Rwandan Ubuhabe system[16]. During the first World War the country became known as Ruanda-Urundi, which represented a combination of Rwanda and Burundi under a Belgian League of Nations mandate[17]. The preceding established a trust territory under the United Nations that lasted until 1946[18]. During that period the Belgium administration at first maintained Tutsi dominance in the Ubuhabe governmental system overseen by the Mwani and the three chieftans[19]. The preceding was slowly changed to a power sharing arrangement between the Tutsi and Hutu after ethnic tensions escalated into a civil war that forced a large number of Tutsi to leave the country[20]. The 1st of July 1962 saw the mandated country of Ruanda-Urundi seperated back into Rwanda and Burundi, with the more numberous Hutu’s rul ing the country. With a majority of the population represented by Hutu (85%), to just 15% for the Tutsi, the change in political structure in 1962 was inevitable[21]. It is important to note that the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi began as early as the 1950s when Tutsi forces attacked the Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa, setting off what is called â€Å"†¦ the wind of destruction †¦Ã¢â‚¬  as the Hutu attacked the Tutsi population[22]. In 1959 the Hutus overthrew the Tutsi king, which also contributed to the preceding[23]. Some 150,000 Tutsi that flew the country as a result of Hutu control setting up guerrila goups in neighboring countries, noteably Uganda[24]. Over the ensuing years, the children of the exiles formed the Rwandan Patriotic Front, that started a civil war in 1990[25]. The preceding historical background is important in understanding the chain of events that transpired in Rwanda, bringing it to present day. That history, present day stemming from the 1990s, contains the fore runner as well as aftermath of events that represent the purpose of this study, that will be investigated in a review of literature to delve into background facets. As Rwanda represents the central country in this study, the Democratic Republic of the Congo shall be explored later. The focus of this examination is to look into the extent that the involvement of Rwanda with the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been movitivated more by economics than military reasons. Methodology The investigation as proposed by this study is a question that entails looking deeply into the status and ramifications of the relations of these two countries on a number of levels. As it is probable that there is no literature or other research information available that equates this question directly, the approach to this study will have to take on varied directions and research approaches to uncover information germane to the examination. The preceding being the general overall case, the research methodology will of course include a wide breathe of secondary research sources to secure historical as well as contemporary information. Given that this study entails two sovereign countries, the history between these two nations represents the logical starting point, as the timeline of convergence with respect to the Rwanda and the Congo thus represents the starting point in examining the nature of their relations. The preceding represents a key to this study as the answer to the question as posed by this examination exists somewhere within the foregoing. Secondary research provides the opportunity to review the largest and broadest amount of information possible as it entails books, journals, magazine articles, newspapers and Internet sources[26]. The foregoing affords the opportunity to look at many differing facets, as the scope of economic and military interaction can take on many forms, especially in the context of the unstructured region of Africa that has a long history of intra nation conflicts and other disputes. Secondary research represents a technique that is used extensively as it provides a broad realm of informational possibilities and inputs as well as opinions that might contain and or provide insight and or information that aids in the examination. The shortcoming of the process of utilising secondary research is that the possibility exists that one might be subject to the possible bias of the author whose work was conducted to delve into, prove, understand or make a point. However, secondary research also provides a means to minimise that potential through using and or searching for facts that reveal themselves in more than one source. The preceding duality of data provides some assurance that the information and or information direction has some validity. Powell[27] asserts that the foregoing represents a sane course of research in that secondary sources: are generally plentiful, that in using secondary sources, one needs to exercise care in looking for as well as drawing out pertinent information, that a benefit of secondary research is that large volumes of data can be correlated in a time frame that is reasonable, the expense of obtaining secondary research is extremely beneficial, the broad range of possibilities as offered by the exposure to a wide breathe of information makes secondary research more valuable in that it is easy to verify most information. As is always the case with an upside in any endeavour that are the negative connotations as well. Powell[28] brings forth these areas by advising: In terms of word usage and meaning, the seeming direction of statements can take on a different connotation and or meaning in a specific context or series of contexts than one might be prepared to understand or acknowledge. The aforementioned bias in terms of the source can skew information as indicated. The recommended method to minimise such an occurrence is by comparative information from other sources. The dating and or ageing of information can potentially change the validity of researched data if new developments have changed the outcomes, or data is uncovered later that invalidates conceptions that existed before. Seeking historical and contemporary research to look for consistency with regard to the foregoing aids in minimising dated or information that has lost its relevance. In keeping with the preceding need to ensure that recent information, discoveries and or findings did not or had not changed the conditions of the study, the Internet was utilised to look for potential modifications in approaches, as well as to compare source reliability. The research used quantitative research to a small degree as it helped in the understanding of question components from an historical perspective. Daymon and Holloway[29] advise that quantitative measures tend to have a large-scale approach that focuses on specific factors that are thus looked at in relationship to other data. Given the need to uncover information in a quest for the answer, which at the time of beginning the research was unknown, quantitative research was the only viable course of action. Literature Review In conducting the examination of the historical Background of Rwanda in Section 2.0, a look into the developmental aspects of the country brought forth the progression of events that helped to shape the country up to the 1990s. In order to bring into focus the purpose of this study as represented by to what extent has Rwanda’s involvement in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) been of economically movitated as opposed to military reasons, a brief look into the developmental path of the country from the 1990s is in order. 4.1 Rwanda As brought forth in Section 2.0 Background, the country’s history was shaped by the administrative skills of the Tutsi who took control of the country nearly 400 years ago. That rule lasted until 1 July 1962 that saw the mandated country of Ruanda-Urundi seperated back into Rwanda and Burundi, with the more numberous Hutu’s ruling the country[30]. The civil war that gripped the country in the 1990s was, has has been the history of Africa, and the world, a struggle for power and wealth[31]. Though vastly outnumbered in terms of population, the Hutu were not as organised or bloodthrusty as the Tutsi. A large number of the exiled Tutsi served in the Uganda rebel forces and learned guerilla tactics, thus providing them with needed experience[32]. The preceding provided the foundation for the Rwandan Patriotic Front under Paul Kagame to gain recruits and thus their planned invasion of Rwanda[33]. The fierce fighting for the three year period between 1990 and 1993 prompted a cease fire that became known s the Arusha accord, which was devised to organised a power sharing government to end the civil conflict that had caused the displacement of over 1.5 million Hutus that had been massacred by the Rwandan Patriotic Front[34]. The preceding Arusha accord crumbled as a result of an assassination of the Hutu Burundi president Melchior Ndadaye by Burundian Tutsi in their army[35]. That event spurred a new era of Hutu / Tutsi hatred that caused the accord to crumble. Ensuing events saw the Rwandan Patriotic Front bomb the Rwanda capital of Kigali, as well as assassinate the Hutu president of Rwanda as well as the Hutu president of Burundi by shooting down their jet as it attempted a landing in Kigali[36]. The preceding evnts caused an intensification in the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi that resulted in the deaths of an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and Hutu moderates[37]. The Tutsi led forces continued their military campaign, capturing the capital and eventually caused over 2 million Hutus to flee the country [38]. The Tutsi dominantion again asserted itself in Rwanda as it took control of the government in 1994 at the end of the civil war and have held power since, The Rwandan Patriotic Front re-wrote the history of its genocide and placed its version of how events transpired into the consitution[39]. 4.2 The Democratic Republic of the Congo The area known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo was inhabited approximately 10,000 years ago, and was settled by the Bantu people from what is now known as Nigeria between the 7th and 8th centuries[40]. The â€Å"†¦ Portuguguese navigator Diego Cao †¦Ã¢â‚¬  discovered the Congo in 1482, and it is well known as the locale that was â€Å"†¦ explored by English journalist Henry Morton Stanley †¦Ã¢â‚¬ [41]. Figure 2 – Democratic Republic of the Congo[42] The Congo was originally given the name Zaire as a result of Diego Cao misspelling the Kilongo term for river[43]. At that time, the Kongo kingdom as it was spelled then[44]: â€Å"†¦stretched from northern Angola to the north bank of the Congo River, in the area now known as Bas Zaire. The kingdom, with its capital at Mbanza Kongo, had a well-established centralized system of government; it was divided into six provinces, each administered by a local governor appointed by the king. Within each province Kongo district chiefs governed in their respective areas, and at the village level headmen were accountable to the district chiefs. The king was elected from the male descendants of the individual who had conquered the area. Although he was a member of the aristocracy and appeared to have absolute power, the king was in fact subject to the control of a council of elders who could depose him.† Soon after Diego Cao’s discovery the Portuguese government established diplomatic relations with the kingdom that fostered socioeconomic exchanges[45]. The influence of that union brought Catholicism to Zaire (The Democratic Republic of the Congo), along with Portuguese customs[46]. The preceding[47].: â€Å"†¦ greatly facilitated development of the slave trade in the region. Slaves purchased from the Kongo provided cheap labour for plantations on nearby Portuguese islands and, subsequently, the Americas† The slave trade escalated into an issue as it depopulated vast areas and also resulted inborder raids thus causing warefare with neighboring tribes[48]. The economics of the slave trade cause fighting within Zaire itself as rival groups fought for dominance[49]. Internal infighting over â€Å"†¦the slave trade undermined political authority and created social stratification in the kingdom† [50]. The history of the Congo was not as politically charged as Rwanda, yet as has been the case in all Afgrican countries, the paths to independence and after have been faught with issues. In addition to the slave trade, there was also the ivory trade that brought Arabs into the Congo fostered the slave trade as well as in ivory[51]. In the late 1950s the subject of decolonialisation was brought up by President Charles de Gaulle for the French colonies in Africa fueling the desire for the same status in the Congo[52]. The Belgians â€Å"†¦were given some indication of the extent of Congolese nationalist feeling when riots broke out in the capital† in 1959[53]. The change in the overall political approach to Africa fostered the offering of free elections in 1960 and resulted in installing â€Å"†¦Patrice Lumumba as prime minister and Joseph Kasavubu as president of the renamed Democratic Republic of the Congo† [54]. Lumumba’s victory was by a narrow margin, with his party gaining just 24% of the 137 seats in the Assembly, thus â€Å"†¦underscoring the fragmentation that existed in party affiliations† [55]. As a result of the foregoing independence did not achieve the expectations that the country dreamed of. Within two weeks of the elections the country plunged into a maj or crisis â€Å"†¦following the mutiny of the former colonial army and the secession of Katanga, its richest province†[56]. The new Democratic Republic of the Congo was suffering its first crisis that lasted for four years and resulted in the deployment of U.N. peacekeeping forces[57]. Patrice Lumumba was assassinated on order from then U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower as a result of his strong communist affiliations during the Cold War period[58]. That situation enabled the United States to install their hand picked selection â€Å"†¦ Joseph Desire Mobutu, who later changed his forename to Sese Seko†, who had been a sergeant in the army The preceding was accomplished by a coup d’etat in 1965[59]. Mobutu established a dictatorship that was backed up by his military cronies, as well as the United States, Belgium and France in order to ensure that communist party forces could not regain control of what was now called Zaire[60]. The foregoing alliance was needed as Mobutu faced rebellion â€Å"†¦from armed insurgents seeking to overthrow him† [61]. The arrangement failed in 1997 when the rebels forced Mobutu to flee the country[62]. Nzongola[63] helps us to understand the linkage between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire) as he advises[64]: â€Å"The insurgency that brought about Mobutus demise is directly related to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, the defining moment of the current political situation in the Great Lakes region. Like the ethnic cleansing in the Katanga and Kivu provinces of Mobutus Zaire, the Rwandan genocide was partly a result of the violent backlash of authoritarian regimes against the democracy movement. In the Rwanda case, the late President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, had been in power since 1973. During 20 years of personal rule, he steadfastly refused to allow Tutsi victims of the 1959 pogrom and subsequent violence, who were in exile in neighbouring countries, to return home. Under the leadership of the Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF), the Tutsi diaspora in Uganda launched a military campaign to overthrow the Habyarimana regime in October 1990. France, Belgium and Mobutus Zaire came to the dictators rescue and prevented an RPF victory.† The background history on Rwanda, in terms of the Arusha Peace Agreement that was signed on 4 August 1993, brings these two countries developmental path into closer proximity [65]. The Congo shares part of its border with Rwanda, thus affording the Tutsi a location as a rallying point for raids and attacks. Nzongola tells us[66]: â€Å"In this situation, the disintegration of the Mobutu regime provided Rwanda with an opportunity to make incursions into the Kivu provinces in order to destroy the bases of the ex-FAR and the Interahamwe, beginning in August 1996. When it appeared that the Mobutu regime was militarily incapable of challenging these incursions, Rwanda and Uganda assembled a coalition of states in Eastern and Southern Africa including Angola, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Namibia, Tanzania and Zimbabwe with the objective of getting rid of Mobutu altogether.† 4.3 Common Histories Between the Two Countries The preceding historical summaries of the violent regimes in Rwanda and the Congo have a commonality, control of these respective countries. The series of conflicts in Rwanda has resulted in large refugee populations in its neighbouring countries, with the Democratic Republic of the Congo receiving the largest number of them since the genocide of 1994[67]. The displaced persons formed the foundation for the long series of conflicts in Rwanda that â€Å"†¦has had a destabilizing effect on the entire Great Lakes region, including Rwanda[68]. As set forth in Chapter 2.0 Background, the Hutus comprise approximately 85% of the Rwandan population as farmers. One of the economic problems that has and does face the country is the scarcity of land for agriculture, along with access to resources[69]. The problem has caused cultivation to encroach on wetlands as well as reserve and national park areas in order to met the demands of the poor, with the large numbers of displaced Rwandans pl acing stress on areas such as forests and other ecologically sensitive areas[70]. Given the 85% agriculturally based Hutu population in Rwanda, land scarcity represents an issue that has plagued the country since the 1980s, which has been further exacerbated by the Tutsi / Hutu conflicts. As one of the most densely populated countries in Africa, Rwanda’s land shortage problem has been an historical facet[71]. An example of the dwindling land space in Rwanda is evidenced by the fact that the average land held by household in the country has decreased from 2 ha in 1960, down to 1.2 ha in 1984, dropping to 0.7 ha in the beginning of the 1990s, and as of 2001 just under 60% of all Rwandan household held less than 0.5 ha [72]. The country has an overall area of 26,338 square km, and a population of approximately 8 million that translates into a population density of approximately 300 people per kilometre[73]. Of the foregoing overall land total 1.3 million hectares is estimated as arable, with 165,000 hectares of marshlands, of which an estimated 50% is suitable for agriculture. Agriculture is the cornerstone of the Rwandan economy, and occupies over 90% of the country’s rural area [74]. The preceding foundation, agriculture and the economy, is fraught with issues as represented by[75]: The country has a high density of population that puts extreme pressures on land area and usage. The average cultivation plot per household is around 0.6 ha, which is below the 0.9 ha as recommended by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. The preceding conditions have led to the over utilisation of the land, made more problematic by the lack of proper crop rotation techniques and nutrient use thus leading to continued degradation. The lack of the foregoing as well as conservation methods and proper equipment has further exacerbated the problem. The genocide of 1994 is still impacting land use and agriculture in that plots left to orphans and widows by family members who are deceased has not been managed properly. The land system in Rwanda is controlled under customary law that is skewed towards the partitioning of land via a father to son inheritance system. The preceding, inheritance system, makes the land system unfavorable to women as well as female children. The poverty level of the country means that agricultural are backward, lacking proper equipment, use of nutrients and crop rotation techniques. The preceding are known problems, which the Rwandan government has addressed through the following reform measures[76]: Institutions such as the Ministry of Lands, along with the Human Settlement as well as environmental Protection policies have been established since 1999. The country has moved to develop a National land Policy as well as Land Law that are dedicated to promote the use of good land management. The main innovations under the later are represented by a new legal framework that regulates the registration of land, along with the delivery of its title through a leasehold period of 99 years. It also includes a framework that regulates land planning. Under consideration is a proposal that utilises a centrally based and computerized National Land Information System to facilitate an accurate as well as complete land database through which effective land management can be put into place. The foregoing includes district centres to gather information through survey and documentation of titles, as well as closer liaison in terms of overseeing and delivering land management procedures and utilisation. Limited natural resources in Rwanda, as represented by columbite-tantalite, cassiterite, and wolframite are the most important minerals, followed by small deposits of gold and sapphires[77]. Agriculture represents 43% of the country’s economy, which primarily consists of coffee and tea exports that have yet to return to the pre 1996 genocide levels[78]. The country’s agricultural system is comprised primarily of small family farms that keep approximately 80% of their output for their own consumption, thus leaving little for export[79]. Typical family farm growth crops consists of bananas 62.5%, sweet potatoes – 17.9%, Cassava – 4.5%, Irish potatoes – 4.3%, beans and peas – 3.9%, sorghum – 2.9%, maize – 1.4% along with wheat, soya and groundnuts[80]. In total, the planted areas still represent 87% of the 1994 levels[81]. Economically the country achieved a growth rate of 6.6% in the

Carribbean Mist :: essays research papers

Caribbean Mist Web Project Recommendation Report Overview This report provides Caribbean Mist Inc. Tanning Spa, with a well detailed recommendation for a web site that would cater to the company’s needs. In order to create a good web site and write a good report we need to have a general understanding of your needs. From our extensive research we can see that the main goal for the company’s web site is to attract more customers and provide customers with more information regarding your services. Both goals are addressed in the recommendations for the web site so that it will achieve its full potential. In this report we will analyze and contextualize our team’s field research so that we can give recommendations for a web site that meets the standards of Caribbean Mist. After looking over what we had gathered from our research we began to see what Caribbean Mist is looking for in this web site and what restrictions and standards you are forced to comply with. The report provides recommendations for advertising for the web site, web site design, where to host the web site, and the context on the web site. Each recommendation is well stated and provides descriptive steps or actions, supported by research, that the company must perform in order to fulfill the recommendation. Along with the description, we will provide a rationale on why the option we chose will best suit your needs. Lastly, each recommendation presents Caribbean Mist with a step by step procedure of what needs to be done and how long it will take. To assist Caribbean Mist with our recommendations, we have also i ncluded a cost analysis of each recommendation that is given so that you will know exactly how much each step will cost and how much money will be needed to get the project started. Analysis Our team executed a number of things to produce our recommendations. We did field research, an interview, and market research. Our field research consisted of an in-depth observation of Caribbean Mist while they were open for business. This gave us a better idea of what types of customers come into Caribbean Mist and how often. We also conducted an interview with the manager to get a better idea of what Caribbean Mist wants in a web site. We conducted market research by examining other tanning company web sites to see what is popular in the industry.